I recall the 25th Anniversary computer game has recharging banks for the weapons systems, with phasers having a faster recharge than torpedoes. But that was partly just for usefulness in a game context.
Scotty also managed to recharge one bank on the Constellation in "Doomsday Machine" so that Kirk had at least something to work with.
Regarding transporters and shuttles, I might have to look through my nerd library just for fun. I sometimes wonder if the systems as shown onscreen in TOS were somewhat simplistic for the crew complement, assuming there's only a few main transporters at best and a limited number of shuttles (which typically only hold 6 crew apiece). Jackill's books tend to give classes a higher ratio of various shuttles and sometimes fighters, depending on the mission profile, with installations like starbases potentially having a lot of small craft support for various functions.

Regarding transporters and shuttles, I might have to look through my nerd library just for fun. I sometimes wonder if the systems as shown onscreen in TOS were somewhat simplistic for the crew complement, assuming there's only a few main transporters at best and a limited number of shuttles (which typically only hold 6 crew apiece). Jackill's books tend to give classes a higher ratio of various shuttles and sometimes fighters, depending on the mission profile, with installations like starbases potentially having a lot of small craft support for various functions.