^Well, I'd say second-most important, since, again, Nero and his crew actually came from the Prime universe in 2387.
^Well, I'd say second-most important, since, again, Nero and his crew actually came from the Prime universe in 2387.
Also, Spock was able to pass for Romulan without cosmetic alteration, which he wouldn't have been able to do if there weren't still Romulans who looked Vulcan.
Ah yes I forgot about that. I think that's the single most important piece of (prime universe) on screen evidence to support the idea that there are still smooth headed rommies in the 24th century.
Besides, the phenotypic difference between Vulcans and Romulans -- the heavier forehead and brow ridges -- isn't really that great. It's not that much more substantial than the differences among human racial groups. Imagine what it must've been like for, say, the Chinese when traders from the Roman Empire first appeared. People whose noses were massive protruding beaks, whose eyes had no epicanthic folds, whose facial bone structure was oddly angular, whose hair was sometimes curly and light in color. They must have looked quite alien. The difference between "Vulcan" and "Romulan" foreheads isn't much more pronounced than those differences, so they can easily enough be explained away as a difference in ethnic/racial groups, not whole species or subspecies.
I absolutely disagree with this. Romulans really aren't Vulcan on a biological level anymore, and 2000 years is certainly enough time to make distinct differences on a genetic level. We need look no further than the various canines species, specifically the differences between dogs and wolves. They are no longer in the same family (wolf = canis lupus, and dogs = canis familiaris) even though they are both related with regards to one group "descending" from the other. They can cross breed, but how does the size and body structure of a Shih-tzu compare to a timberwolf, or the skull of a Bulldog's contrast to that of an Arctic wolf's? Today's Shih-tzu appears quite distinct from its ancestors, and the Bulldog breed as we know it isn't even 1000 years old. In addition, environment and association (with humans) has altered not only their appearance, but their sexual and social behavior as well, the biggest example being that wolves don't trust humans, where as (most) domesticated dogs are drawn to people. That's on an instinctual level due to environment and association.At least if she had been half-human, it would've been a meaningful distinction. The whole "half-Romulan" thing was kind of silly, because biologically, Romulans are Vulcan. They only migrated a couple of millennia ago, not remotely long enough to have diverged into a separate species.
But that's just it, and exactly why it's not "stupid" at all. Environment can and DOES have an effect on certain species on a psychological level, as demonstrated with the example of canines.At most, they're just a different ethnic group. And the differences in their behavior are strictly cultural. So there's no sense to the idea that Saavik would be more emotional because she was half-Romulan -- which is exactly why they cut the idea out of the film, because they realized it was stupid. And which is probably why Vonda McIntyre, in her novelization of TWOK, invented Saavik's backstory as a refugee on Hellguard, so that it was her upbringing, not her genetics, that was responsible for her emotionalism.
HOW a species perceives things can be indicative of their environment though.
I absolutely disagree with this. Romulans really aren't Vulcan on a biological level anymore, and 2000 years is certainly enough time to make distinct differences on a genetic level. We need look no further than the various canines species, specifically the differences between dogs and wolves. They are no longer in the same family (wolf = canis lupus, and dogs = canis familiaris) even though they are both related with regards to one group "descending" from the other. They can cross breed, but how does the size and body structure of a Shih-tzu compare to a timberwolf, or the skull of a Bulldog's contrast to that of an Arctic wolf's? Today's Shih-tzu appears quite distinct from its ancestors, and the Bulldog breed as we know it isn't even 1000 years old.
But that's just it, and exactly why it's not "stupid" at all. Environment can and DOES have an effect on certain species on a psychological level, as demonstrated with the example of canines.
With regards to Star Trek, Vulcans as a whole remained relatively stable in their environment, and centuries of trying to "evolve" their minds beyond their antagonistic ways could potentially awaken aspects of their brains which, under ordinary circumstances, would have remained innate. A brain becoming more orderly, organized, focused, etc, is how we got to typing on this message board, as opposed to just painting on walls.
Romulans, in contrast, had a life that was full of instability via rads in space splicing up their DNA, possible interbreeding within their own groups as well as with other alien species, exposure to alien environments via food, pollen in the air, microbes in water, exposure to alien viruses as well as bacteria and diseases, possible extreme heat or cold, potential sanitary problems for unknown lengths of time in cramped quarters, etc., etc.
First of all, I need to clarify something I stated incorrectly: My point was off by saying "they are no longer in the same family." They are, as both dogs and wolves are of the canine family. What I meant was they are not classified the same due to the changes, i.e. dogs aren't classified as wolves or vice versa, and I didn't communicate that well.I absolutely disagree with this. Romulans really aren't Vulcan on a biological level anymore, and 2000 years is certainly enough time to make distinct differences on a genetic level. We need look no further than the various canines species, specifically the differences between dogs and wolves. They are no longer in the same family (wolf = canis lupus, and dogs = canis familiaris) even though they are both related with regards to one group "descending" from the other. They can cross breed, but how does the size and body structure of a Shih-tzu compare to a timberwolf, or the skull of a Bulldog's contrast to that of an Arctic wolf's? Today's Shih-tzu appears quite distinct from its ancestors, and the Bulldog breed as we know it isn't even 1000 years old.
That's a bad example, though. First off, your taxonomy is inaccurate; the domestic dog is actually Canis lupus familiaris, a subspecies of the gray wolf C. lupus rather than a separate species.
The time interval between the evolution wolves to dogs was not part of my contention, it was the extreme changes which have taken place with dog breeds in a short amount of time due to elements and forces apart from "standard" evolution. Circumstance (in this case via human intervention) has made the changes faster and more distinct, and when comparing certain dog breeds to their relative, the wolf, the distinction is obvious.Also, its domestication and divergence from wolves dates back 15,000 years. A breed like a bulldog is simply a new variation of the dog species created by selective breeding.
Personally I don't think young Spock in STIII looked older than 18 when he was experiencing his first (un)happy time, but I could be wrong. In either case, circumstance and environmental conditions for Romulans kind of blow all that out the airlock. The situation is different for them for an extended period, and biologically and psychologically, they would change and adapt to that. Evolution does not have one fixed rate, but IMO, 2000 years is plenty of time for a secluded group in space which is consistently exposed to all sorts of radiation + alien everything to have distinctions which differentiate them from their origin group. Circumstance and environment will dictate this, especially with regards to exposure to and from different alien biospheres.There's also the fact that the rate at which a species evolves is a factor of how quickly it can reach sexual maturity and spawn a new generation. Dogs take less than a year to reach sexual maturity, while Vulcanoids seem to take over 35 years (assuming the timing of Spock's first pon farr was typical). So in 2000 years, dogs could go through over 2000 generations while Vulcanoids would go through fewer than 60 generations. So the amount of genetic drift Romulans would've undergone since the Sundering is analogous to the amount of drift between two dog breeds that have been separate for only 50-60 years, not 1000 years or more.
I'm not "confusing" anything. Certain behaviors are learned, while others are innate. Not all dogs are friendly, while others are too friendly. Some are trained to attack, and some run obstacle courses. Some like food for treats, while others prefer toys. Sometimes the type of breed will dictate which of these behaviors is more prevalent, and sometimes they won't. It's a combination of both learned and innate behavior, and we (humans) are part of that environmental influence.You're confusing two different types of environmental influence. The difference between wolf and dog behavior has been bred into them over thousands of years, thousands of generations, so it's become part of their genetics. That's different from a case where two genetically identical cultures have different learned behavior due to their upbringing.
You're assuming they're going to be behaving like Vulcans, when the whole reason they wanted to leave was to not be told how to act certain ways.Fifty or sixty generations is simply not enough time for that.
Evolution is happening all the time, even while we type and read...on Earth. But we're also talking about aliens who are governed by some different sets of rules in a different environment with a different biology, and for all we know, that aspect of evolution is part of the Vulcanoid species method of long-term survival. It would make sense, considering they can read each others thoughts with a "simple" placement of fingers on a face. Apparently, not only the strong, but the smartest find ways to stay ahead of the game on the evolutionary ladder on Vulcan.And you seem to have an oddly Lamarckian set of assumptions about how evolution works. Even if one generation of Vulcans learned to awaken new mental potentials, that would not become a change encoded in their genes. It could only be passed on to the next generation by teaching them. Maybe over hundreds or thousands of generations, if the cultural conditions remained in place so that more logical and disciplined Vulcans were more successful at attracting mates and reproducing than more aggressive and irrational ones, then the kind of evolutionary process you're thinking of could occur. (Which is probably why Vulcans arrange marriages well before the frenzy of pon farr overtakes them -- so that couples can be matched based on their desirable traits rather than coming together in the heat of passion.) But it's not going to happen in just a few dozen generations.
-rads in space splicing up their DNASame problem. Given the rate of humanoid reproduction, particularly given how slow Vulcanoid maturation appears to be, 2000 years simply doesn't add up to enough generations to result in new speciation, not unless there's deliberate, advanced genetic engineering employed.
In either case, what you wrote in response was exactly my point - there are enough biological differences that one cannot claim a wolf is a dog, or the reverse. Same with Vulcans and Romulans.
Your statement "biologically, Romulans are Vulcan" is what I am contesting. They're not. Biologically similar, yes. A subspecies, yes, but they are no longer Vulcans.
The time interval between the evolution wolves to dogs was not part of my contention...
, it was the extreme changes which have taken place with dog breeds in a short amount of time due to elements and forces apart from "standard" evolution. Circumstance (in this case via human intervention) has made the changes faster and more distinct, and when comparing certain dog breeds to their relative, the wolf, the distinction is obvious.
Personally I don't think young Spock in STIII looked older than 18 when he was experiencing his first (un)happy time, but I could be wrong.
In either case, circumstance and environmental conditions for Romulans kind of blow all that out the airlock. The situation is different for them for an extended period, and biologically and psychologically, they would change and adapt to that.
Evolution does not have one fixed rate, and 2000 years is plenty of time for a secluded group to have distinctions which differentiate them from their origin group.
I really don't see how proto-Romulans are going to be exactly like Vulcans even after 1000 years in space unless the conditions are exactly the same as on Vulcan, 24/7. Conditions and environment will alter perception and behavior on so many levels, and that's where it starts. The mind asks "how do I survive," and then the changes begin. Add space rads + alien food, water, air, possible genetics, etc. into the mix and there's just no way a Proto-Romulan is going to be exactly like a Vulcan.
You're assuming they're going to be behaving like Vulcans, when the whole reason they wanted to leave was to not be told how to act certain ways.
Evolution is happening all the time, even while we type and read...on Earth. But we're also talking about aliens who are governed by some different sets of rules in a different environment with a different biology, and for all we know, that aspect of evolution is part of the Vulcanoid species method of long-term survival.
-rads in space splicing up their DNA
-possible interbreeding within their own groups
-possible interbreeding with other alien species
-exposure to alien environments via food, pollen in the air, microbes in water
-exposure to alien viruses as well as bacteria and diseases
-possible extreme heat or cold
-potential sanitary problems for unknown lengths of time in cramped quarters
There's more to dog evolution than either of us are writing about:In either case, what you wrote in response was exactly my point - there are enough biological differences that one cannot claim a wolf is a dog, or the reverse. Same with Vulcans and Romulans.
No, it's not the same, because the time intervals simply do not compare. Dogs diverged from wolves roughly 15,000 generations ago, plenty of time for species differentiation. Romulans diverged from Vulcans on the order of 100 generations ago or less, which is not enough time for speciation.
There's nothing contradictory. I said they are no longer Vulcans. That's a true statement on every level. They've experienced far too many changes in the time it took leave Vulcan and arrive at Romulus. Here are some of those changes which the show itself has noted:Contradictory. If they're a subspecies, then by definition they're still the same species. They're more like different breeds of dog than like dogs vs. wolves.Your statement "biologically, Romulans are Vulcan" is what I am contesting. They're not. Biologically similar, yes. A subspecies, yes, but they are no longer Vulcans.
Biologically, Romulans are not Vulcans anymore.Physiology
Due to their shared ancestry, Vulcans and Romulans possessed very similar physiology, including varied skin color. Romulans had pointed ears, eyebrows that were arched and up-swept, and copper-based blood that appeared green when oxygenated in the arteries, or copper or rust-colored when deoxygenated in the veins. (Star Trek Generations) Most Romulans had two brow ridges above the bridge of their nose, forming a V-shape on the forehead. However, a minority of Romulans lack these ridges, making them outwardly indistinguishable from Vulcans.
The Romulan heart is gray in color. (DS9: "Inter Arma Enim Silent Leges")
Despite their common ancestry there were also many subtle internal physiological differences between Vulcans and Romulans. Their life signs registered distinctly enough on the scanners of the USS Enterprise in 2268 that officer Pavel Chekov was able to distinguish his crewmate Spock from the crew complement of a Romulan starship, though he did note the difficulty of the task. (TOS: "The Enterprise Incident")
The physical differences between Romulans and Vulcans were evidenced in Dr. Beverly Crusher's failed attempt to treat a Romulan, Patahk, who had suffered advanced synaptic breakdown, with the methods used to treat Vulcans. In fact, it was later determined that the genetic similarities between Romulans and Klingons allowed for the two species to have a compatible ribosome match to effect treatment. (TNG: "The Enemy")
The Terothka virus was a disease unique to Romulan physiology. Romulans were also susceptible to Tuvan Syndrome. (VOY: "Message in a Bottle"; DS9: "Inter Arma Enim Silent Leges")
Re: the evolution of wolves to dogsI know, and that's why I pointed it out. Failing to take something that critical into account is why your contention is fundamentally flawed.
The canine gene get's changed up every time there's an unpredictable circumstance. I have a puppy that's 1/4 husky and 3/4 Corgi. She acts like a husky who wants to herd children and small dogs....your basic mistake is treating the difference between two breeds of dog as if it were interchangeable with the difference between dogs and wolves, which it is not.
Vulcans and Romulans are no longer the same. There's no way around that. When it happened can be up for debate, but it was at least by the time TOS took place.A difference of a factor of two at most. Whether it's 60 generations or 120, it's still too few for speciation.
Evolution vs genetic changes due to circumstance and exposure to various alien everything.Yes, but the rate at which they reproduce is a fundamental limiter on the rate at which that change occurs. You're just not considering that. The slower a species reproduces, the slower it evolves....
What you have to understand about evolution is that it's not a conscious decision to adapt. It's a much more stochastic process: random new traits arise during reproduction, and the conditions of the environment select some of those traits to be more reproductively successful than others. New mutations that are useful for a new environment won't magically appear as soon as you move there; you have to wait for them to crop up by chance first. And the more slowly a species reproduces, the fewer opportunities there are for new traits to arise. You have a better chance of dealing a straight flush if you deal 15,000 hands than you do if you only deal 100 hands.
So yes, moving to a new environment can speed up the rate of evolution, but it's still constrained by the rate of reproduction, the time that must elapse between generations. So there are limits on how much it speeds up. The bacteria and insects and small animals the Sundered took with them to Romulus would've had time to evolve into new species by now through the mechanisms you're describing, but macrofauna like the Romulans themselves, not so much, because their rate of reproduction is a limiter.
They weren't in space getting genes spliced by space rads or being exposed to alien life on a consistent basis either.Not among hominins. There are plenty of human populations that have been isolated from one another for much longer than that -- for instance, most Native Americans were completely isolated from the rest of humanity for 12-14,000 years, while Aboriginal Australians were isolated for nearly 50,000 years. And yet all humans are still the same single species, even after all that time developing in isolation and in different environments. So there's no way it could happen in a paltry 2000 years, not without sophisticated genetic engineering. The last known time that a new species of genus Homo came into being was more like 200,000 years ago.
We're talking about a species of aliens who can read thoughts by touch, sense thoughts across space and dump their consciousness into jars after they die. Their minds obviously have an aspect which is different than ours.Again, your notions of evolution are bizarrely Lamarckian. Evolutionary change does not result from what the mind thinks. It results from alterations in the genome. If random mutations or new genetic combinations arise that happen to result in a way of thinking that's better suited to the environment and increases reproductive success, then that would eventually lead to that way of thinking becoming more common in the population. But what you learn during your life, how you perceive things and behave based on your experience, does not get encoded into your genes and passed on to your offspring. That's a notion that was discredited a century ago.
I already listed how much their physiology would be changed due to circumstance and exposure in space, and to alien biospheres. Vulcans and Romulans are not the same on a biological level, and the differences are noted in the show. By your own explanation of how evolution works on earth, it's impossible for those changes to occur in such a small amount of time.I'm saying that they wouldn't be a different species from Vulcans, which is a completely unrelated topic. Of course Romulans are culturally and behaviorally different from Vulcans, which is the whole reason they left in the first place. But that wouldn't rewrite their genes, except insofar as their cultural choices would affect which individuals were seen as more desirable mates. And as the human example shows, that would take maybe a hundred times longer than they've had.
Thanks, I'm keeping track just fine. I don't agree with that assertion, hence my reiteration of how different Romulans and Vulcans are.Just to make sure you're not losing track, my point is that Saavik being half-Romulan wouldn't cause her to be more emotionally erratic than a full Vulcan, because Vulcans' logical behavior is a culturally learned trait rather than something written into their genes.
Well, unless you were on their ships for 2000 years, you don't know for certain either. The information from the shows which is in the Memory Alpha link implies there are some significant differences between Vulcan and Romulan physiology, which leans more in favor of the possibility. Even without it, how exactly does evolution account for them unless there were the circumstances and exposures I have listed?What you're proposing here is an ad hoc assumption and we have no evidence to support its existence.
In as much as claiming they don't count for anything? Wow...If we actually knew that Romulans were a separate species from Vulcans, we might need to postulate such an explanation. But we don't know that. There's no conclusive evidence for it. It's simply your belief, and making up random justifications without evidence doesn't prove anything.
Then the population of the Romulan Empire must be pretty damn small....right?Still wouldn't change the fact that they only have a limited number of opportunities to procreate in the span of time available.
Yes, actually that was another aspect. The thing is, we're not exposed to space rads slicing our DNA on a consistent basis without some sort of "natural" protection, nor are we exposed to different alien biospheres generation after generation.Isolated populations of humans have always engaged in inbreeding (which I think is what you must have meant), yet we're all still human after as much as 50,000 years' separation.
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