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The Nature of the Universe, Time Travel and More...

The following paper is interesting as it claims to unify the laws of physics that govern the motions of particles at different scales. This resolves a question set by the mathematician David Hilbert in 1900. It stitches together physical laws at three different scales:
  • single particles colliding with each other according to Isaac Newton’s laws of motion
  • collections of particles following statistical laws of thermodynamics developed by Ludwig Boltzmann
  • fluid behaviour modelled by the Navier-Stokes equation
In this paper, we rigorously derive the fundamental PDEs of fluid mechanics, such as the compressible Euler and incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations, starting from the hard sphere particle systems undergoing elastic collisions. This resolves Hilbert’s sixth problem, as it pertains to the program of deriving the fluid equations from Newton’s laws by way of Boltzmann’s kinetic theory. The proof relies on the derivation of Boltzmann’s equation on 2D and 3D tori, which is an extension of our previous work.

Hilbert’s Sixth Problem: derivation of fluid equations via Boltzmann’s kinetic theory

An interesting challenge was demarcating the switch between the time reversible and non-reversible regimes. The approach relies on recasting calculations in terms of Feynman diagrams, although applied in a classical mechanical rather than a quantum field theoretical context, which cleared a mathematical path from Newton’s laws to the Navier-Stokes equation. I wonder if their diagram simplification methods relate to the amplituhedron. That is a question that I feel I'll leave to someone else to answer.
 
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Nice video from John Michael Godoer about whether our universe is inside a black hole:
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You will still have to pay taxes so it doesn't really matter!
Also, we still can't see the entire universe and with our primitive equipment we probably can't see much of what's really happening so it could be true or we're literally miss the big picture. :biggrin:
 
Also, we still can't see the entire universe and with our primitive equipment we probably can't see much of what's really happening so it could be true or we're literally miss the big picture. :biggrin:
Horizons of unobservability mean that we will likely never know. Cosmology isn't falsifiable as it stands in any case because you can devise many seemingly plausible schemes to explain the observations. It would seem the universe doesn't exist for our convenience.

In Impossibility, John D. Barrow—one of our most elegant and accomplished science writers—argues convincingly that there are limits to human discovery, that there are things that are ultimately unknowable, undoable, or unreachable. Barrow first examines the limits of the human mind: our brain evolved to meet the demands of our immediate environment, and much that lies outside this small circle may also lie outside our understanding. He investigates practical impossibilities, such as those imposed by complexity, uncomputability, or the finiteness of time, space, and resources. Is the universe finite or infinite? Can information be transmitted faster than the speed of light? The book also examines deeper theoretical restrictions on our ability to know, including Godel’s theorem, which proved that there were things that could not be proved. Finally, having explored the limits imposed on us from without, Barrow considers whether there are limits we should impose upon ourselves. Weaving together this intriguing tapestry, Barrow illuminates some of the most profound questions of science, from the possibility of time travel to the very structure of the universe.
 
We may have seen a physics breakthrough or two:
They consider charge to just be compression of spacetime.

Something thought impossible—the complete confinement of mechanical waves in a single resonator—looks to have been achieved:


Any chance these two disparate finds can combine for propulsion perhaps?
 
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We may have seen a physics breakthrough or two:
They consider charge to just be compression of spacetime.
Interesting observation there that the theory explains the Aharonov-Bohm effect, but this is also explainable in existing gauge theory. I wonder if they can include the weak and strong nuclear forces, however. I would hope they've verified that the theory is Lorentz invariant so, for example, the measured speed of light in vacuo is constant regardless of the state of relative motion.

Something thought impossible—the complete confinement of mechanical waves in a single resonator—looks to have been achieved:


Any chance these two disparate finds can combine for propulsion perhapsic
Not seeing the connection between the two, but I assume you're talking about reactionless drive, which would require non-conservation of energy and momentum. The only way I know of implementing that is by using negative energy density or negative mass. Perhaps sufficiently strong EM fields in a certain configuration can be used to achieve a form of gravitic propulsion? If you can manipulate the space-time metric, such a thing might be possible, but then so might also perpetual motion machines and time machines.
 
"It's like tossing a stone into a still pond and seeing the ripples remain motionless, vibrating only in place," said lead author Dr. Yeongtae Jang. "Even though the system allows wave motion, the energy doesn't spread—it stays perfectly confined."
For this analogy, how do the ripples get from the point of contact between water and stone to the broader area of the pond surface without spreading?

-Will
 
If you can manipulate the space-time metric, such a thing might be possible, but then so might also perpetual motion machines and time machines.
They are basically talking about a perpetual motion machine.

My initial instinct is to believe they are misinterpreting the observations or missing some other force(s) involved.

For example. Looking at a spinning wheel, sometimes, as our brains and eyes take in the visual information at a limited sample rate, instead of truly continuously, we might observe a wheel spinning backwards when we know, by the motion of the wheel against a surface like the road, that it is spinning forward (however it is defined). This is why movies appear to have a smooth motion, we don't see or process the smaller time gaps in between frames.

-Will
 
Nature is free with zero point…we also see Brownian motion. Getting at it, however…
Yes, we should be eternally grateful that electrons don't actually orbit in atoms as they would immediately spiral into the nucleus in about 20 picoseconds because of magnetobremsstrahlung. ZPE extraction exists in the Stargate universe, but we haven't worked out how to do that in our universe. Even if someone did invent it, I suspect either some existing vested interest would suppress it or it would turn out to have some catastrophic unexpected side effect such as initiating a vacuum phase transition.
 
Not seeing the connection between the two, but I assume you're talking about reactionless drive, which would require non-conservation of energy and momentum. The only way I know of implementing that is by using negative energy density or negative mass. Perhaps sufficiently strong EM fields in a certain configuration can be used to achieve a form of gravitic propulsion? If you can manipulate the space-time metric, such a thing might be possible, but then so might also perpetual motion machines and time machines.
Of course, if the spacecraft is in a magnetic or electric field. it should be possible to use electromagnetic force to move without chucking out mass. Failure of imagination on my part...
 
Some earlier work by Wheeler’s followers

 
Some earlier work by Wheeler’s followers

Tesla, while a great scientist who gave us some of our most amazing and important modern technologies, probably suffered from similar handicaps as most in that he believed certain truths and built his experiments around those beliefs as much as he did around true understanding. Anyhow, he drew a direct relationship between electromagnetism and gravity. He spent a lot of effort writing his thesis on gravity in counterpoint to Einstein's Relativity. I believe he called it the Dynamic Theory of Gravity. It has disappeared.

-Will
 
Does knowing something happened open the floodgates for it to become possible elsewhere? Someone in Japan discovers time travel, won't share how but everyone knows it did happen. Does that increase the odds that someone else will discover it?
 
There's an argument to be made for that. If, for example, the scientific community believed in the existence of quarks, but had no evidence of their existence other than some math theory, wouldn't there be an increasing number of scientist dedicating their efforts and resources to the discovery of quarks?


Does knowing something happened open the floodgates for it to become possible elsewhere?
This is a bit picky on semantics, but it may open the floodgates for the known phenomenon to happen again somewhere else, but it doesn't become more possible, just more likely. Like buying a blue compact car. Once you are in your newly acquired vehicle and driving down the road, oddly, you notice a lot more blue compact cars than before.

-Will
 
Belief is a strong word. It's more that the quark model explained the existing observations better than any alternative and correctly predicted other observations that would subsequently be confirmed - that is, it was falsifiable. However, there are those who think the model will be superseded at some point. That is the way of science.

Does knowing something happened open the floodgates for it to become possible elsewhere? Someone in Japan discovers time travel, won't share how but everyone knows it did happen. Does that increase the odds that someone else will discover it?
Sounds a little like Rupert Sheldrake's hypothesis of morphic resonance, usually dismissed as pseudoscience. If I discovered time travel, I'd want to keep it secret as well. It's bad enough with people driving cars, never mind time machines.
 
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