They haven't shown it in Star Trek really, but they should have some sort of dampening field or something that disables phasers and lasers and disruptors from firing. So bladed weapons (or, the dreaded projectile weapon) would be the next step in Star Trek weaponry to circumvent these fields. Kinda like how the Borg in First Contact shrugged off phaser blasts but had trouble dealing with Picard's tommy gun and Worf's mek'leth.