As for the troubling implications of the Council being filled with people in Starfleet uniforms, my personal interpretation is that former Starfleet personnel are permitted to ceremonially retain their uniform upon leaving the service to enter politics. The novels seem to support this, in that President Thelian, in his comic appearance, was wearing a uniform, and Articles of the Federation listed him as a former Starfleet officer.
Yeah, that's definitely a possibility, though it's still a large bloc of the Council being represented by former Starfleet officers. I'm just not sure how consistent that depiction of Starfleet within the larger life of the Federation is; is the organization really that sprawling? Seems almost suffocating.
(On the other hand, the fact that a Starfleet JAG had some jurisdiction in the case of Richard Bashir might imply that, yes, Starfleet is that much of a sprawling organization.)
For comparison, about one-third of the US Senate and the US House is composed of veterans. So, depending on how sprawling you think the present-day US military is, perhaps it's not such a leap to imagine so many veterans on the Council.
Since Starfleet has such an expansive portfolio - military, diplomacy, exploration, science, etc., I imagine it's one of the more prominent Federation organizations, or at least the most visible, the career path that catches the public imagination and earns the most approval - in part because it has its fingers in so many pies, even though few of them (none, save military and exploration?) are dominated by it. Not that Starfleet would be all-encompassing, only that there's a certain respect that comes with being a former Starfleet officer or crewman. That is, a Starfleet physicist (say) isn't as dedicated or renowned within the field as a full-time physicist, so to speak, but earns a different and maybe comparable prestige through conducting research "out there", working within the structure of the fleet? The diplomatic corps, the scientific bodies, the civil engineering services, the merchant marine, the trade commissions, the homeworld defence forces... (I'm making a Harry Potter reference, gods help me) they're the Hufflepuff or Ravenclaw houses of the Federation, but Starfleet are the Gryffindor? If that makes sense?
As for President Bral, your head cannon works fine - she was described as "a Trill woman", but her home state was never confirmed.
In any case, Trill is probably the most extreme example of an ambiguous presentation in canon that TrekLit has interpreted in one way but could also be validly interpreted in a totally different direction.
Definitely agreed.
I tend toward the idea that the people in Starfleet uniforms in the council chamber in TVH were observers or witnesses, not Council members. After all, the issues under debate were Starfleet-related, so it made sense that there would be Starfleet representatives in attendance to testify or argue before the Council.
I agree.
If I recall, though, the fact that there are two Andorians and two Caitians in the room, just as there are two Deltans, two Vulcans (not counting Sarek), two Zaranites, etc., does seem to strongly imply that these are also Council representatives...only wearing uniforms.